Iceland, often called the Land of Fire and Ice, is a realm of staggering natural contrasts. Towering volcanoes, steaming hot springs, vast glaciers, and black sand beaches paint a surreal canvas, but among its most enchanting features are its waterfalls. With over 10,000 waterfalls scattered across its rugged landscape, Iceland offers an endless parade of misty wonders that mesmerize travelers year-round.
The country’s unique geology—shaped by volcanic activity and carved by glaciers—creates the perfect stage for these cascading spectacles. Add in Iceland’s high rainfall and glacial runoff, and it’s no wonder waterfalls are a dominant feature of the scenery. Some falls plunge dramatically from ancient cliffs, while others trickle down gently moss-covered rocks. Each one is distinct, and many are easily accessible right off the Ring Road.
Gullfoss – The Golden Giant
Perhaps the most famous of them all is Gullfoss, or “Golden Falls.” Located within Iceland’s popular Golden Circle route, this massive waterfall doesn’t just impress with its size—it roars with power. Fed by the Hvítá river, Gullfoss tumbles in two dramatic stages into a narrow, dark canyon, creating an awe-inspiring sight and a continuous cloud of mist. On sunny days, the mist catches the light and forms brilliant rainbows that arc over the chasm—adding a magical touch to an already breathtaking scene.
In winter, the edges of Gullfoss freeze over, creating a stark, icy contrast against the thundering water that continues to flow. Whether surrounded by snow or glowing under the midnight sun, it’s one of Iceland’s most unforgettable landmarks.
Seljalandsfoss – A Walk Behind the Curtain
Seljalandsfoss is another must-see waterfall, and it offers a unique experience that sets it apart from most. Standing at around 60 meters tall, this slender yet powerful waterfall is fed by the melting waters of the Eyjafjallajökull glacier. What makes Seljalandsfoss particularly special is the walking path that circles behind the curtain of water.
Standing behind the fall, you’ll feel the spray on your face as you gaze through the cascading sheet of water onto the green Icelandic plains. Come during sunset, and the golden light pouring through the veil of water creates a photographer’s dream. Just be sure to wear a waterproof jacket—this experience is unforgettable, but it’s also guaranteed to be wet!
Dettifoss – The Beast of the North
While southern Iceland may get the lion’s share of visitors, the north boasts some of the country’s most dramatic and less-crowded waterfalls. Chief among them is Dettifoss, widely regarded as the most powerful waterfall in Europe.
Located in Vatnajökull National Park, Dettifoss is fed by the Jökulsá á Fjöllum river, which draws its icy waters from the massive Vatnajökull glacier. The waterfall drops 44 meters (144 feet) into a rugged canyon, unleashing a thunderous roar that can be heard before it comes into view. The sheer force of the water, coupled with the mist and the raw, lunar-like landscape, makes standing near Dettifoss a humbling experience.
This isn’t the kind of place for quiet reflection—it’s a display of raw, unfiltered power that reminds you just how wild and primal Iceland’s nature can be.
Skógafoss, Svartifoss, and Hidden Gems
Not far from Seljalandsfoss lies another majestic giant: Skógafoss. At 60 meters high and 25 meters wide, Skógafoss is a classic waterfall, known for the rainbows that frequently appear in its spray. You can hike up the staircase alongside it for a panoramic view or follow the trail into the highlands where dozens more falls await.
Further east, nestled in Skaftafell National Park, is the elegant Svartifoss—the “Black Falls.” This waterfall is framed by dramatic black basalt columns that resemble organ pipes, creating a stark and beautiful contrast with the white rush of water. It’s a favorite among photographers and hikers alike.
Beyond these popular spots, countless lesser-known waterfalls hide along Iceland’s backroads and hiking trails. Some tumble down cliffs shrouded in fog, others fall in multiple tiers into turquoise pools. In Iceland, exploring often leads to surprise discoveries, and some of the most memorable waterfalls may be the ones you stumble upon by chance.
When to Visit Iceland’s Waterfalls
Iceland’s waterfalls are magnificent year-round, but your experience can vary greatly depending on the season. Summer (June to August) offers longer daylight hours, mild temperatures, and full access to hiking paths. Many waterfalls are at their most powerful in late spring and early summer, fed by melting glaciers.
Winter (November to March) brings a different kind of magic. Snow-covered cliffs and partially frozen falls create a fairytale atmosphere. While accessibility can be an issue due to road closures and icy conditions, guided tours and proper planning make it possible to see some of the most striking winter scenes.
No matter the season, bring waterproof boots, a weatherproof jacket, and a wide-angle camera lens to capture the full majesty of these natural wonders.
